Is the consumption of Tilapia zillii and Clarias gariepinus from Edku Lake (Egypt) safe for humans: a physiological and biochemical study

The Egyptian government seeks to develop the northern wetlands, including Edku Lake in El Beheira Governorate, enhance physiological functions of fish, and thus, improve their quality promote products. Therefore, this study was performed on two cheapest fish species Tilapia zillii Clarias gariepinus market, by studying proximate body composition, antioxidant enzyme activity, bioaccumulation five trace elements. In study, T. showed highest mean carbohydrates (16.11± 0.67 mg/g), fats (24.21 ± 0.93mg/g), ash (7.33 ±1.00 %), water content (78.33 1.85 %) whereas, protein recorded C. (64.33 ±1.01 mg/g). Antioxidants glutathione reduced level (GSH) (41.66 2. 01 mg/g) catalase activity (CAT) (21.66 2.6 U/g) demonstrated a significant decrease (p  < 0.05) liver C.gariepinus than (47.83 3.6 mg/g 38.16 4.2 U/g, respectively). Concerning element concentrations, arsenic (As) concentration tissues (1.54 0.08 μg/g), lowest mercury (Hg) T.zillii (0.47 μg/g). concentrations (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) studied exceeded limits permitted EOSQC,  FAO/WHO, EU'. This that children should consume less 16.12857 g/day or 112.90 g/week muscle 13.27 92.92 of  muscle. Moreover, youth 43.01 301.7g/ week 35.39714 247.78 Finally, adults 23.1 161.7 muscle, 61.94286 433.6 maintain safety based PTWI recommended FAO/WHO.